At the end of the Second World War the oppressed peoples in Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, China and throughout Southeast Asia and the world moves forward in the revolutionary struggle to liberate themselves from imperialism.
At the same time, the working class in Europe and capitalist countries entered the struggles that convulse. It can only be extinguished through can't be leaved Soviet bureaucracy led by Stalin and the Stalinist parties worldwide. Betrayal of workers of France, Italy and Greece are primarily, and the establishment of regimes that are controlled by bureaucratic imperialism in Eastern Europe allowed to establish itself.
In the 1930s, the emergence of a privileged caste in the Soviet Union, which usurped political power from the Soviet proletariat, had destroyed the Communist parties. From the revolutionary internationalist parties, they turn into organizations of counter-revolutionary, suppressing the independent struggles of the working class.
In colonial countries, the Stalinist parties, including PKI, people systematically subordinated to the national bourgeoisie, led by figures such as Gandhi of India and Sukarno in Indonesia, which sought to reach settlements with the colonial powers to maintain capitalist power.
Agreements after the Second World War did not produce a true national liberation from imperialism, but the charge to the people of new agents of imperialist powers. This is the case in Indonesia where the national bourgeoisie, led by Sukarno, entered into treaties with the Dutch reactionary.
Sukarno, the son of a Javanese school teacher who comes from an aristocratic family, is a graduate architect, part of a very thin layer of the petty-bourgeois who is educated. He is chairman of the Indonesian Nationalist Party was formed in 1927 and suffered imprisonment and exile at the hands of the Dutch for national independence.
In the Second World War, Sukarno and the national bourgeoisie in collaboration with the Japanese occupation forces in the hope of getting a kind of national independence. In the final days of the war Sukarno, with the support of half-Japanese, declared an independent Republic of Indonesia on August 17, 1945.
Landing the leaders of the national bourgeoisie is not to lead a proletarian movement against imperialism, but to establish an administration and strengthen their position in bargaining with the Netherlands, which had no troops in the area.
But the Dutch reaction is waging a ruthless to suppress this new regime. They were ordered to remain in Indonesia under Japanese command until British troops could arrive. England and Japan and then use the Japanese soldiers to the ferocious resistance of the workers, youth and farmers of Indonesia. That way, all the imperialist powers united against the people of Indonesia.
When armed resistance broke out across Indonesia against the Dutch army, Sukarno, with the support of the PKI leadership, pursued a policy of compromise with the Netherlands and entered into in March 1947 Linggarjati. Dutch formally recognized Indonesian control over Java, Madura and Sumatra, and agreed to retire their troops. But in reality, the Dutch only use this as an opportunity to take a breath and strengthen and prepare for an attack on the brutality unparalleled in July and August 1947.
During this time, hundreds of thousands of workers and peasants joined or supported the PKI because they lost confidence in the bourgeois leaders and because they viewed the PKI as a revolutionary party. They were also inspired by the advances of the Communist Party of China Mao Tse Tung in the war against Chiang Kai-Shek. In the war against the Dutch, the workers and peasants occupied the land and the buildings repeatedly and mass trade unions was formed.
To cope with these developments, the reign of Sukarno, led by Amir Syarifuddin who was then Prime Minister (also a member of a secret PKI), signed the Renville Agreement in January 1948 (so called because it was signed on board the USS Renville). This agreement gives the Dutch power over half of the sugar factories in Java, 75 percent of Indonesian rubber, coffee plantations 65percent, 95 percent of tea and oil plantations in Sumatra. Moreover, the settlement which is mentioned diimposisi by the U.S. withdrawal of troops from guerrilla-controlled areas of the Netherlands and creating conditions for the dissolution of the "people's armed units", led by the PKI, and to the establishment of "National Armed Forces of Indonesia" led by Sukarno and his generals.
In 1948 a strike action against the Republican government, now headed by right-wing Vice-President Hatta as Prime Minister, demanding a parliamentary government. This action put out by Sukarno, who appealed for the creation of "national unity".
At the same time, the PKI leader Musso formerly exiled, returned from the Soviet Union and some important leaders of the Socialist Party of Indonesia and the Indonesian Labor Party stated that they were members of the PKI secret for years. This statement shows the base of support for PKI, which is much larger than previously estimated by the imperialist powers.
In the month of July 1948 the bourgeois leaders, including Sukarno and Hatta secret meetings with U.S. representatives at Bentham where the U.S. demanded, as payment of aid to government procurement hunting PKI members in the armed forces and government employees. Hatta, who also was Minister of Defence, was given $ 10 million to conduct a "red-hunting"
Two months after that in an attempt to destroy the PKI, Madiun done in Java. Some army officers, members of the PKI, was killed and others disappeared, after they opposed plans to disband the guerrilla units of armed forces who are on the front lines of war against the Dutch.
These killings caused a rebellion in Madiun in a bloody repressed by the regime of Sukarno. Prime Minister Hatta declared emergency law. Thousands of PKI members were killed, 36,000 imprisoned and PKI leader Musso and 11 other prominent leaders were sentenced to death.
U.S. Consul-General Liver good cabled his superiors in the U.S. that he had told Hatta that "this crisis gave Republican government the opportunity to demonstrate his determination to suppress communism."
to be Bigs his heart because of anti-communist pogrom, the Dutch launched a new military offensive in December 1948, Sukarno was arrested. But the widespread resistance forced the Dutch to surrender within six months.
Even so, the 1949 Round Table conference in The Hague charged the new betrayal-a betrayal of the people of Indonesia, involving concessions larger than the Indonesian bourgeoisie.
Sukarno's government agreed to take over the debts and ensure the protection of the colony's capital for the Dutch. The Dutch had West Irian and the Republic of Indonesia still have to work together with the Dutch imperialists in the Netherlands-Indonesian Union. The Sukarno government retains the colonial laws. New army was formed by combining the Dutch soldiers from Indonesia into the "National Army". In other words, apparatus and old colonial laws retained beneath the protective cover of parliamentary government in the new republic.
The PKI leadership supported the betrayal of the national liberation struggle and try to limit the working class and peasantry to struggle to a peaceful and "democratic". This was a continuation of the PKI's position during World War II when the leadership of the PKI (Communist Party of the Netherlands) following the directives of Stalin to cooperate with the Dutch against the Japanese imperialists and called for a "Commonwealth of independent Indonesia in the Netherlands". It remains a political PKI although during the struggle after the Second World War against the Dutch.
To the people of Indonesia, falsehoods "independence" under the domination of imperialism, the Netherlands, America and the world that goes more into focus. Natural results, key industries, plantations and financial power retained by foreign companies.
For example, 70 percent of sea traffic between the islands is still held by the Dutch company KPM and one of the largest Dutch bank, Netherlands Handel Maatschappij, holds 70 percent of all financial transactions of Indonesia.
According to the calculation of the Indonesian government, in the mid-1950s, the Dutch capital in Indonesia worth around $ U.S. 1 billion. Sukarno's government declared that even if they wanted to nationalize the Dutch possessions, they did not have enough money to indemnify the former colonial rulers. And to nationalize without compensation is communism.
Distrust of the people reflected in the 1955 elections when the number of seats held by the CPI increased from 17 to 39.
Within two years the mass movement would erupt in the seizure of factories, plantations, banks
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At the same time, the working class in Europe and capitalist countries entered the struggles that convulse. It can only be extinguished through can't be leaved Soviet bureaucracy led by Stalin and the Stalinist parties worldwide. Betrayal of workers of France, Italy and Greece are primarily, and the establishment of regimes that are controlled by bureaucratic imperialism in Eastern Europe allowed to establish itself.
In the 1930s, the emergence of a privileged caste in the Soviet Union, which usurped political power from the Soviet proletariat, had destroyed the Communist parties. From the revolutionary internationalist parties, they turn into organizations of counter-revolutionary, suppressing the independent struggles of the working class.
In colonial countries, the Stalinist parties, including PKI, people systematically subordinated to the national bourgeoisie, led by figures such as Gandhi of India and Sukarno in Indonesia, which sought to reach settlements with the colonial powers to maintain capitalist power.
Agreements after the Second World War did not produce a true national liberation from imperialism, but the charge to the people of new agents of imperialist powers. This is the case in Indonesia where the national bourgeoisie, led by Sukarno, entered into treaties with the Dutch reactionary.
Sukarno, the son of a Javanese school teacher who comes from an aristocratic family, is a graduate architect, part of a very thin layer of the petty-bourgeois who is educated. He is chairman of the Indonesian Nationalist Party was formed in 1927 and suffered imprisonment and exile at the hands of the Dutch for national independence.
In the Second World War, Sukarno and the national bourgeoisie in collaboration with the Japanese occupation forces in the hope of getting a kind of national independence. In the final days of the war Sukarno, with the support of half-Japanese, declared an independent Republic of Indonesia on August 17, 1945.
Landing the leaders of the national bourgeoisie is not to lead a proletarian movement against imperialism, but to establish an administration and strengthen their position in bargaining with the Netherlands, which had no troops in the area.
But the Dutch reaction is waging a ruthless to suppress this new regime. They were ordered to remain in Indonesia under Japanese command until British troops could arrive. England and Japan and then use the Japanese soldiers to the ferocious resistance of the workers, youth and farmers of Indonesia. That way, all the imperialist powers united against the people of Indonesia.
When armed resistance broke out across Indonesia against the Dutch army, Sukarno, with the support of the PKI leadership, pursued a policy of compromise with the Netherlands and entered into in March 1947 Linggarjati. Dutch formally recognized Indonesian control over Java, Madura and Sumatra, and agreed to retire their troops. But in reality, the Dutch only use this as an opportunity to take a breath and strengthen and prepare for an attack on the brutality unparalleled in July and August 1947.
During this time, hundreds of thousands of workers and peasants joined or supported the PKI because they lost confidence in the bourgeois leaders and because they viewed the PKI as a revolutionary party. They were also inspired by the advances of the Communist Party of China Mao Tse Tung in the war against Chiang Kai-Shek. In the war against the Dutch, the workers and peasants occupied the land and the buildings repeatedly and mass trade unions was formed.
To cope with these developments, the reign of Sukarno, led by Amir Syarifuddin who was then Prime Minister (also a member of a secret PKI), signed the Renville Agreement in January 1948 (so called because it was signed on board the USS Renville). This agreement gives the Dutch power over half of the sugar factories in Java, 75 percent of Indonesian rubber, coffee plantations 65percent, 95 percent of tea and oil plantations in Sumatra. Moreover, the settlement which is mentioned diimposisi by the U.S. withdrawal of troops from guerrilla-controlled areas of the Netherlands and creating conditions for the dissolution of the "people's armed units", led by the PKI, and to the establishment of "National Armed Forces of Indonesia" led by Sukarno and his generals.
In 1948 a strike action against the Republican government, now headed by right-wing Vice-President Hatta as Prime Minister, demanding a parliamentary government. This action put out by Sukarno, who appealed for the creation of "national unity".
At the same time, the PKI leader Musso formerly exiled, returned from the Soviet Union and some important leaders of the Socialist Party of Indonesia and the Indonesian Labor Party stated that they were members of the PKI secret for years. This statement shows the base of support for PKI, which is much larger than previously estimated by the imperialist powers.
In the month of July 1948 the bourgeois leaders, including Sukarno and Hatta secret meetings with U.S. representatives at Bentham where the U.S. demanded, as payment of aid to government procurement hunting PKI members in the armed forces and government employees. Hatta, who also was Minister of Defence, was given $ 10 million to conduct a "red-hunting"
Two months after that in an attempt to destroy the PKI, Madiun done in Java. Some army officers, members of the PKI, was killed and others disappeared, after they opposed plans to disband the guerrilla units of armed forces who are on the front lines of war against the Dutch.
These killings caused a rebellion in Madiun in a bloody repressed by the regime of Sukarno. Prime Minister Hatta declared emergency law. Thousands of PKI members were killed, 36,000 imprisoned and PKI leader Musso and 11 other prominent leaders were sentenced to death.
U.S. Consul-General Liver good cabled his superiors in the U.S. that he had told Hatta that "this crisis gave Republican government the opportunity to demonstrate his determination to suppress communism."
to be Bigs his heart because of anti-communist pogrom, the Dutch launched a new military offensive in December 1948, Sukarno was arrested. But the widespread resistance forced the Dutch to surrender within six months.
Even so, the 1949 Round Table conference in The Hague charged the new betrayal-a betrayal of the people of Indonesia, involving concessions larger than the Indonesian bourgeoisie.
Sukarno's government agreed to take over the debts and ensure the protection of the colony's capital for the Dutch. The Dutch had West Irian and the Republic of Indonesia still have to work together with the Dutch imperialists in the Netherlands-Indonesian Union. The Sukarno government retains the colonial laws. New army was formed by combining the Dutch soldiers from Indonesia into the "National Army". In other words, apparatus and old colonial laws retained beneath the protective cover of parliamentary government in the new republic.
The PKI leadership supported the betrayal of the national liberation struggle and try to limit the working class and peasantry to struggle to a peaceful and "democratic". This was a continuation of the PKI's position during World War II when the leadership of the PKI (Communist Party of the Netherlands) following the directives of Stalin to cooperate with the Dutch against the Japanese imperialists and called for a "Commonwealth of independent Indonesia in the Netherlands". It remains a political PKI although during the struggle after the Second World War against the Dutch.
To the people of Indonesia, falsehoods "independence" under the domination of imperialism, the Netherlands, America and the world that goes more into focus. Natural results, key industries, plantations and financial power retained by foreign companies.
For example, 70 percent of sea traffic between the islands is still held by the Dutch company KPM and one of the largest Dutch bank, Netherlands Handel Maatschappij, holds 70 percent of all financial transactions of Indonesia.
According to the calculation of the Indonesian government, in the mid-1950s, the Dutch capital in Indonesia worth around $ U.S. 1 billion. Sukarno's government declared that even if they wanted to nationalize the Dutch possessions, they did not have enough money to indemnify the former colonial rulers. And to nationalize without compensation is communism.
Distrust of the people reflected in the 1955 elections when the number of seats held by the CPI increased from 17 to 39.
Within two years the mass movement would erupt in the seizure of factories, plantations, banks
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