In 1956 the Indonesian army, with U.S. endorsement, have started their preparations for a military dictatorship to suppress the popular movement. In August, the West Java regional military commander ordered the arrest of the Minister for Foreign Affairs Ruslan Abdulgani on allegations of corruption. In November, Deputy Chief of the armed forces, Colonel Zulkifli Lubis, attempted unsuccessfully to seize control of Jakarta and overthrow the Sukarno government. The next month, there was a military coup in the Central and North Sumatra.
Sukarno in October 1956 to strengthen its position against the people and calm the armed forces by calling on political parties to disband. This call was later extended to an attempt to establish a National Council that includes all parties, including PKI, to rule the country. When the heads of military regions rejected the plan, and to take power of their provinces, Sukarno declared a state of emergency. Finally, the cabinet "non-party" newly formed, including two followers of the PKI.
As a reaction to the mass upsurge in December 1957, the U.S. imperialism immediately stepped up operations. The CIA has been active since the 1940s, spending millions to subsidize the elements of pro-American in the national bourgeoisie, especially the Indonesian Socialist Party, led Sumiro, colleagues Hatta, and the larger Islamic allies, led by Masyumi Syarifuddin Prawiranegara, with whom Hatta also has a close relationship.
Throughout the years 1957 and 1958 a series of rebellions secessionist and right-wing, aided by the CIA erupting on the island of Sumatra and the petroleum-rich Sulawesi, where PSI and Masyumi have dominant effect.
The first is Permesta military rebellion that began in March 1957 and lasted until the year 1958, which ended with a coup attempt supported by the CIA in February 1958.
United States Government provides substantial financial support, military advisers, weapons and a small air force consisting of bombers B-26, piloted the bases in Taiwan and the Philippines. U.S. Secretary of State openly even provide support for the rebels this right-wing. Carriers from the U.S. seventh fleet was sent to Singapor and when it seemed United would be direct intervention in Sumatra with a reason to protect employees and the Owner-Owner Caltex Oil.
The Indonesian military command had decided that the rebellion, failed to win mass support, must be stopped. Sukarno survived.
However, the armed forces become stronger. Over the next six years, the U.S. pours money into it, laying the foundation that allowed Suharto to start his climb to power after leading a military operation to take over West Papua in 1962.
Between 1959 and 1965 the United States provides $ 64 million in military aid to visual generals of the Indonesian military. According to reports in the Indonesian Youth Voice: "Before the end of 1960, the United States has equipped 43 battalions of the armed forces. Each year, U.S. military officers trained right-wing. Between 1956 and 1959, more than 200 high ranking officers have been trained in U.S., and hundreds of low-ranking officers are trained every year. Head of the Agency for International Development in America once said that U.S. aid, of course, not to support Sukarno and that the U.S. has trained a large number of army officers and civilians who would form Indonesian military units to create a "free country".
At the same time, Sukarno was running a system of "Guided Democracy" him. In July 1959 parliament was dissolved and Sukarno set a constitution under a presidential decree - once again with the full support of the PKI. He strengthened the hand of the armed forces by raising the generals of the military to important positions.
CPI welcomes "Guided Democracy" Sukarno with a warm and assuming that he has a mandate for the alliance between the conception of nationalism, Islam and communism, called NASAKOM.
In pursuit of their national front with Sukarno and the national bourgeoisie, the PKI leaders create illusions are very dangerous in the armed forces.
Only five years before the bloody defeat that happened to the workers and peasants at the hands of the armed forces, political directives stated by the leadership of the PKI SOBSI, trade union federation led by the PKI, in a statement on International Labor Day in May 1960:
"SOBSI enforce that the armed forces of the Republic was still a child of the revolution of the people ... and with that of the officers down to their subordinates and to the soldiers ... they will not engage in actions that betray the Republic. In addition, the president Sukarno, who sided with the people, have a great influence upon the leaders of the armed forces and he was not willing to be a military dictator. "
Sukarno in October 1956 to strengthen its position against the people and calm the armed forces by calling on political parties to disband. This call was later extended to an attempt to establish a National Council that includes all parties, including PKI, to rule the country. When the heads of military regions rejected the plan, and to take power of their provinces, Sukarno declared a state of emergency. Finally, the cabinet "non-party" newly formed, including two followers of the PKI.
As a reaction to the mass upsurge in December 1957, the U.S. imperialism immediately stepped up operations. The CIA has been active since the 1940s, spending millions to subsidize the elements of pro-American in the national bourgeoisie, especially the Indonesian Socialist Party, led Sumiro, colleagues Hatta, and the larger Islamic allies, led by Masyumi Syarifuddin Prawiranegara, with whom Hatta also has a close relationship.
Throughout the years 1957 and 1958 a series of rebellions secessionist and right-wing, aided by the CIA erupting on the island of Sumatra and the petroleum-rich Sulawesi, where PSI and Masyumi have dominant effect.
The first is Permesta military rebellion that began in March 1957 and lasted until the year 1958, which ended with a coup attempt supported by the CIA in February 1958.
United States Government provides substantial financial support, military advisers, weapons and a small air force consisting of bombers B-26, piloted the bases in Taiwan and the Philippines. U.S. Secretary of State openly even provide support for the rebels this right-wing. Carriers from the U.S. seventh fleet was sent to Singapor and when it seemed United would be direct intervention in Sumatra with a reason to protect employees and the Owner-Owner Caltex Oil.
The Indonesian military command had decided that the rebellion, failed to win mass support, must be stopped. Sukarno survived.
However, the armed forces become stronger. Over the next six years, the U.S. pours money into it, laying the foundation that allowed Suharto to start his climb to power after leading a military operation to take over West Papua in 1962.
Between 1959 and 1965 the United States provides $ 64 million in military aid to visual generals of the Indonesian military. According to reports in the Indonesian Youth Voice: "Before the end of 1960, the United States has equipped 43 battalions of the armed forces. Each year, U.S. military officers trained right-wing. Between 1956 and 1959, more than 200 high ranking officers have been trained in U.S., and hundreds of low-ranking officers are trained every year. Head of the Agency for International Development in America once said that U.S. aid, of course, not to support Sukarno and that the U.S. has trained a large number of army officers and civilians who would form Indonesian military units to create a "free country".
At the same time, Sukarno was running a system of "Guided Democracy" him. In July 1959 parliament was dissolved and Sukarno set a constitution under a presidential decree - once again with the full support of the PKI. He strengthened the hand of the armed forces by raising the generals of the military to important positions.
CPI welcomes "Guided Democracy" Sukarno with a warm and assuming that he has a mandate for the alliance between the conception of nationalism, Islam and communism, called NASAKOM.
In pursuit of their national front with Sukarno and the national bourgeoisie, the PKI leaders create illusions are very dangerous in the armed forces.
Only five years before the bloody defeat that happened to the workers and peasants at the hands of the armed forces, political directives stated by the leadership of the PKI SOBSI, trade union federation led by the PKI, in a statement on International Labor Day in May 1960:
"SOBSI enforce that the armed forces of the Republic was still a child of the revolution of the people ... and with that of the officers down to their subordinates and to the soldiers ... they will not engage in actions that betray the Republic. In addition, the president Sukarno, who sided with the people, have a great influence upon the leaders of the armed forces and he was not willing to be a military dictator. "
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